Comprehension

Click here for a link to an excellent [|PowerPoint on Inferences]

The following Comprehension Strategies by clicking here [|can be found]. Table of Contents

Read Aloud ......................................................................................................................................... 5 Before Reading: Brainstorming Prior Knowledge.......................................................................... 6 ABC Chart–Template ......................................................................................................................... 7 Before Reading: Story Impressions .................................................................................................. 8 Before Reading: Word Splash ............................................................................................................ 9 Before Reading: Anticipation Guide ..............................................................................................10 Anticipation Guide – Template.......................................................................................................11 During Reading: Think-Alouds.......................................................................................................12 Flow Chart of Comprehension - Monitoring Behaviors ............................................................. 13 During Reading: Concept Definition Map ....................................................................................14 Concept Definition Map – Template ........................................................................................14, 15 During Reading: KWL .....................................................................................................................16 KWL – Template..............................................................................................................................17 KWL Modified – Template.............................................................................................................. 18 During Reading: INSERT Notes.................................................................................................... 19 During Reading: Word Sorts ...........................................................................................................20 Word Sort – Template ......................................................................................................................21 During Reading: The Jigsaw ............................................................................................................22 After Reading: Save the Last Word for Me ....................................................................................23 Need More Strategies? These Books Will Help ............................................................................ 24 Websites to Explore .......................................................................................................................... 25

Adolsescent Literacy What do we do help **struggling adolescent readers** who seem to recognize the words and may be somewhat fluent? In the Carnegie Report [|Reading Next]. This report delineates fifteen elements aimed at improving middle and high school literacy achievement right now. The Fifteen Elements of Effective Adolescent Literacy Programs

1. Direct, explicit comprehension instruction, which is instruction in the strategies and processes that proficient readers use to understand what they read, including summarizing, keeping track of one’s own understanding, and a host of other practices

2. Effective instructional principles embedded in content, including language arts teachers using content-area texts and content-area teachers providing instruction and practice in reading and writing skills specific to their subject area

3. Motivation and self-directed learning, which includes building motivation to read and learn and providing students with the instruction and supports needed for independent learning tasks they will face after graduation

4. Text-based collaborative learning, which involves students interacting with one another around a variety of texts

5. Strategic tutoring, which provides students with intense individualized reading, writing, and content instruction as needed

6. Diverse texts, which are texts at a variety of difficulty levels and on a variety of topics

7. Intensive writing, including instruction connected to the kinds of writing tasks students will have to perform well in high school and beyond

8. A technology component, which includes technology as a tool for and a topic of literacy instruction

9. Ongoing formative assessment of students, which is informal, often daily assessment of how students are progressing under current instructional practices

10. Extended time for literacy, which includes approximately two to four hours of literacy instruction and practice that takes place in language arts and content-area classes

11. Professional development that is both long term and ongoing

12. Ongoing summative assessment of students and programs, which is more formal and provides data that are reported for accountability and research purposes

13. Teacher teams, which are interdisciplinary teams that meet regularly to discuss students and align instruction

14. Leadership, which can come from principals and teachers who have a solid understanding of how to teach reading and writing to the full array of students present in schools

15. A comprehensive and coordinated literacy program, which is interdisciplinary and interdepartmental and may even coordinate with out-of-school organizations and the local community.

Strategies for ELL For those of you who are wondering how to **help ELL's develop** their literacy skills go to [|Double the Work]a report of the Carnegie Foundation to find the challenges and how to meet them.

Challenge 1: Lack of Common Criteria for Identifying ELLs and Tracking Their Academic Performance ...............................................................................14

Challenge 2: Lack of Appropriate Assessments ...............................................................18

Challenge 3: Inadequate Educator Capacity for Improving Literacy in ELLs ...............22

Challenge 4: Lack of Appropriate and Flexible Program Options .................................26

Challenge 5: Limited Use of Research-Based Instructional Practices ............................33

Challenge 6: Lack of a Strong and Coherent Research Agenda for Adolescent

[|Literacy Instruction in the Content Area] is a report that suggests that literacy should be at the heart of all the content areas. Click here for ways suggestions on how to integrate **literacy in the content area.**

Greece School District has a range of teacher friendly strategies to use to help students comprehend text. Click here for one on [|Collaborative annotations] [|Annolighting] [|Anticipation Guides] [|Interactive Notebook] [|QAR] [|Role, Audience, Format, Topic] [|Questions Only] [|Reciprocal Teaching]